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LLC Explained · Limited Liability Co.

What is an LLC, really?

The Limited Liability Company is the most-used US business entity for one reason: it pairs a true liability shield with simple pass-through taxation. Here's how it works, what it costs, and when to pick it over a sole prop or corporation.

Part of your File.Business BOS · 51 jurisdictions · 220K+ businesses
LLCLIMITED LIABILITY CO.ABCD4 MEMBERS · MEMBER-MANAGEDTAXPASS-THROUGHto membersSTATE FILEDDELIABILITY SHIELDOwners not personally liable$FORM FROM $199+ state fee · 4-7 days
What an LLC gives you

A real entity, in plain English.

Liability shield

Owners (members) are not personally liable for LLC debts. Personal assets protected if the entity is properly maintained.

Pass-through tax (default)

LLC profits flow through to members on Schedule K-1 (multi) or Schedule C (single). No corporate tax.

S-Corp election option

Profitable LLCs can elect S-Corp tax treatment (Form 2553) to reduce self-employment tax. See our LLC vs S-Corp comparison.

Single or multi-member

One owner (single-member LLC) or multiple owners (multi-member LLC). Different tax forms but same liability shield.

Formed in any of 51 states

Pick your home state, Delaware (corporate-friendly), Wyoming/Nevada (privacy), or anywhere else. Foreign-qualify as needed.

Operating Agreement = private

OA governs member rights, distributions, voting. Not filed with the state. Always recommended even for single-member.

How it works

A clean handoff, in 4 steps.

1

Pick a state

Home state for simplicity. DE for VC. WY/NV for privacy. Foreign-qualify into operating states as needed.

2

File articles

Articles of organization filed with the Secretary of State. Name + RA + organizer + management structure.

3

Get EIN + bank account

IRS EIN application, then business bank account in the LLC's name.

4

Sign Operating Agreement

OA governs members + distributions + voting. Required by some states; recommended by all.

Two ways to engage

One-time, or part of your BOS.

Domestic Starter Bundle
$199 + state fee
Form your LLC the basic way.
  • LLC formation (1 state)
  • EIN application
  • RA · 1 year
  • Free BOS dashboard
  • Filing receipts to vault
Form my LLC
RECOMMENDED
Domestic Complete Bundle
$499 + state fee
Form + Operating Agreement + S-Corp election + Pro 1 year.
  • Everything in Starter
  • Operating Agreement drafted
  • S-Corp election (Form 2553)
  • Pro subscription · 1 year
  • AR autofile · year 1
  • Cap table tools
Choose Complete
FAQ

Common questions.

What is an LLC?

An LLC (limited liability company) is a business structure that separates your personal assets from the business's debts and lawsuits while keeping taxes simple, since income generally passes through to your personal return. It combines a corporation's liability protection with a partnership's flexibility, which is why it is the most popular choice for small businesses. We form your LLC and keep it compliant.

What are the main benefits of an LLC?

The big ones are limited liability, which shields your personal assets from business claims, pass-through taxation that avoids the double tax corporations can face, and flexible management with fewer formalities than a corporation. It also adds credibility with banks and customers. We flag how each benefit applies to your situation so you set up the structure correctly. See LLC formation.

How is an LLC taxed?

By default a single-member LLC is taxed like a sole proprietorship and a multi-member LLC like a partnership, with income passing through to owners' returns, and an LLC can also elect S-corp or C-corp treatment. So the LLC is flexible on tax. We flag the option that fits so your tax treatment matches your goals.

Does an LLC protect my personal assets?

Generally yes, if you respect the entity: an LLC separates business liabilities from your personal assets, so business debts and lawsuits reach the company rather than your home or savings, provided you keep finances separate and maintain the LLC properly. We keep your entity organized so the liability shield actually holds rather than being pierced for commingling.

How do I form an LLC?

You choose a state, pick an available name, file articles of organization, appoint a registered agent, and then get an EIN and an operating agreement, after which you handle licenses and ongoing compliance. We handle the formation, EIN, and agent so your LLC is set up correctly from the first step.

Do I need an operating agreement?

Strongly recommended, even for a single owner: an operating agreement sets how the LLC is owned and run and reinforces the separation that protects your liability shield, and some states require one. We provide a tailored operating agreement so your LLC is properly governed, not just registered.

Which state should I form my LLC in?

Usually the state where you actually do business, since forming elsewhere often means registering back home anyway and paying two states, though Delaware and Wyoming suit specific goals. We flag the trade-offs so you form where it makes sense rather than chasing a state whose benefits may not apply to you. See LLC formation.

What ongoing requirements does an LLC have?

Most states require a periodic annual report, a registered agent, and any state taxes, plus keeping your finances and records separate to preserve protection. Missing these risks penalties or loss of good standing. We track your filings on a compliance calendar so your LLC stays in good standing.

Can File.Business form my LLC?

Yes: we check your name, file the articles, provide the registered agent and operating agreement, obtain the EIN, and keep your annual reports and compliance on track, so your LLC is formed correctly and stays in good standing. See LLC formation.

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